The Work of the Commercial Flight Crew in Air Transportation: Constraints of Working Times and Gender. an International Comparative Analysis (France, Europe / Québec, Canada

The research focuses on the work of air navigation personnel (commercial), analysed according to different themes linked to work organization, social temporalities and gender. The organization of the crew’s work (pilot, co-pilot, flight engineer, service director (or Purser) flight attendants and stewards), particularly the working hours (night shift, staggered working hours) and jet-lag, are inherent professional constraints to the work of this personnel. The research is conducted in the field of civil airline companies transporting travellers and includes international comparisons between France (Europe), Quebec and Canada.

The organization of the working hours have an impact on the pace of life, and particularly in the coordination of their professional life with their personal and family life. The working hours, which require a good physical condition, and the confrontation with the constant pressure linked to the ever increasing security and air traffic, also pose questions regarding health at work and “human factors” involved in the risk of air transport accidents.

The research analyses the working hours, as well as the balancing strategies developed by the personel. Men and women don’t live these professional constraints in the same manner. On the one hand because of the different type of job and tasks according to gender (few women have a piloting position but they are strongly represented in the commercial sector in relation with the clientele during flights), and on the other hand, because of the social and family roles often distinct according to gender and also different according to the of their spouse’s career (or absence thereof). Therefore, the research investigates working situations, real-life situations, professional realities and work-life balancing strategies of the flight crew, according to gender. Search results lean at this stage: 1-on the analysis of more than 1400 answers to a questionnaire conceived on all these themes; 2 - on the analysis of interviews with members of labor unions and cabin crew.